1.Presostat Group
1.a.Presostat
If the steam boiler is energized, the water in the boiler will heat up and some of the water will turn into steam. As more water turns into steam, the temperature inside the boiler will increase and the boiler pressure will increase in proportion to the temperature. As the heating element continues to heat the boiler, the pressure will continue to rise. If the pressure is not controlled, the boiler may explode with fatal force. (NOTE: All boilers are equipped with pressure relief devices to prevent explosion.) In such a case, the heating element should be deactivated and the temperature inside the boiler should be reduced to room temperature and the pressure should be reduced. Pressure switches are steam boiler equipment designed to shut down the heating system in case of unsafe high pressures.
There should be two pressostats on the boiler. The first one is a limit switch and stops the burner at the set value. The other one adjusts the pressure.
1.b.Manometer
It is the measuring element that shows the pressure of the fluid in the system.
2.Thermometer
It shows the temperature of the water inside the boiler.
3.Safety Valve
The main device used to prevent overpressure in thesteam boiler plant is the safety valve. Safety valves are the boiler element that releases some liquid in the steam boiler when the pressure value in the steam boilers reaches the predetermined maximum pressure, thus reducing the boiler pressure safely. The safety valve is located on the boiler steam drum and operates automatically when the inlet side of the valve exceeds the set pressure.
Level 4 Indicator
a.Boiler Tampering Device
b.Magnetic Level Indicator
c. Level Charter
4.a. Boiler Drying Device
It is a device that controls the water level in the boiler in steam boilers. When the water in the boiler falls below a certain level, it provides the boiler feed pump to operate by giving a contact and ensures the water inlet to the boiler. When the water level in the boiler rises above a certain level, it disables the boiler pump group and prevents water entry into the boiler. In steam boilers, the regulating devices act as safety elements.
4.b. Magnetic Level Indicator
These are devices that show the level of the liquid in the steam boiler. The float immersed in the steam boiler rises or falls in the float with the rise and fall of the liquid in the tank. Thanks to this movement in the float, the level indicator reads and displays the liquid level in the boiler.
4.c. Level Switch
Thanks to the level switch, if the water level in the boiler is above or below the required value, this switch is activated and protects the steam boiler system.
5.Steam Boiler Blowdown System
Blowdown system is the process of removing the suspended solids in the steam boiler or the sludge remaining at the bottom from the system by taking liquid from the boiler while the steam boiler is running.
5.a. Bottom Blowdown System
The system used to remove the sludge accumulated at the bottom of flame tube boilers or in the sludge drum of water tube boilers is called bottom blowdown system. Since the sludge will damage the heat transfer surface and boiler pipes in the boiler, in this case, it negatively affects the boiler efficiency and boiler life, this sludge in the steam boiler should be regularly removed from the system once a day with the help of the bottom blowdown system.
5.b. Surface Blowdown System
The system used in steam boilers to remove the solids suspended on the surface of the water from the system is called surface blowdown system.
Benefits of Blowdown System
- Purer and cleaner steam is obtained.
- Since sludge formation at the bottom of the boiler is prevented, corrosion and heat losses caused by sludge are also prevented.
- Provides a safer working environment by preventing foaming of boiler water and overflow from the steam line.
- It prevents the possibility that the boiler level indicator is clogged due to sludge and the indicator is disabled and the boiler is left without water.
6.Burner
Burners are devices that ensure that the fuel used in steam boilers is mixed with air in the most appropriate ratio and the fuel is completely burned.
Burners According to Fuel Type
- Solid fuel burners
- Burners burning liquid fuel
- Natural gas burners
- Dual fuel burners
Burner Functions
- It delivers fuel to the combustion chamber.
- Introduces air into the combustion chamber.
- Mixes fuel and air in the appropriate ratio.
- Ignites and burns the mixture.
- Produces combustion products.
7.Steam Boiler Pump
It is used to transfer liquid into the boiler.
8.Air Vent (Air Release Valve)
The presence of air in the boiler reduces the temperature of the liquid in the boiler and the moisture and oxygen in the air causes corrosion in the steam boiler. This adversely affects the system efficiency and lifetime. Therefore, the air in the steam boiler must be discharged outside the boiler. Air release valves are used in steam boilers to expel this air.
9.Steam Line Valve
Valve that sends the steam from the steam boiler to the system to be used in the facility where the steam will be used.
